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A variety of subsidies has enabled rapid development of the EU’s “new trio” industries. The battery industry received at least EUR 1.7 billion in grants and loan guarantees from the EU budget between 2014 and 2020. Since 2019, EU member states have provided over EUR 6.57 billion in state aid through IPCEI and regional aid programs.[71] With dual subsidy support, the EU now hosts 10 gigafactories and 20 under-construction plants for battery production, meeting two-thirds of the EU’s market demand for batteries.[72] From 2022 to 2023, the EU’s share of global lithium battery exports grew from 28.2% to 30.3%.[73] In the photovoltaic sector, EU funds and state aid totaled at least EUR 8.6 billion and EUR 23.6 billion, respectively. These subsidies drove over 40% annual growth in photovoltaic installations from 2021 to 2023,[74] while EU solar panel exports rose 19% in value and 37% in quantity from 2022 to 2023.[75] In the electric vehicle sector, EU funds and state aid reached at least EUR 22 billion and EUR 10.8 billion, respectively. By 2023, the EU surpassed 630,000 public charging points, with an 84% increase in DC chargers.[76] EU electric vehicle exports also surged to EUR 22.3 billion in 2022, marking a 100% increase from 2021 and a 400% rise from 2019.[77]

一是知识产权公共服务体系持续优化。在全国布局建设国家级知识产权公共服务重要网点423家，地市级综合性知识产权公共服务机构162家，基本实现知识产权公共服务全覆盖。各级各类公共服务机构面向企业和区域特色产业开展各类知识产权服务超300万次。

二十届中央纪委常委会第二次至第六次集体学习的时间分别是在2023年2月3日、3月28日、4月25日、7月14日、8月28日，聚焦的主题分别是：

据了解，该航线由比利时航空公司B747-400全货机执飞，往返可装载货物200余吨。复航首班进港货品84.7吨，主要为汽车配件、器械等；出港货品量105.7吨，主要为服装、工业零配件、模具等各类一般贸易货物。

“这次(刘氏)祠堂文化交流是两岸的首次，亦是两岸宗亲的亲情文化的联接。”福建省姓氏源流研究会刘氏委员会会长刘立身表示，亲情是血脉之亲，割不断永相连。希望通过祠堂文化交流，让两岸(同胞)永远根相连、脉相通、心相印。